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JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) NAME jove - Jonathan's Own Version of Emacs SYNOPSIS jove [-t tagname] [file1 file2 ... ] DESCRIPTION Jove is an interactive display oriented editor which allows one to modify text easily. Jove stands for Jonathan's Own Version of Emacs. This editor is modeled after the EMACS written at MIT by Richard Stallman. Jove has tried to stick to the conventions of real EMACS, but has strayed away from them in several places. The real EMACS is extensible, which means the user can change the way the editor behaves to his own liking. He can do this by changing the commands that each key invokes or by writing new commands. Although new commands cannot be written in jove, existing commands can be bound to any key. There are several concepts a user needs to understand before he can use the editor to his full advantage. The three most important are buffers, windows and command binding. In most cases, Jove is used to edit already existing files. Jove reads files into buffers. A buffer is where Jove stores its version of the file; changes made in the editor are made to the buffer, not the original file. If the user makes a change but wishes he did not, he can simply reread the file from the disk into a fresh buffer. If Jove is given no files to edit it creates an empty buffer with no file associated with it. When the user has finished editing and is satisfied with his changes, he can save the buffer to a file with the write-named-file command. This command asks for a file name and writes the contents of the buffer to that file. Once a buffer is written to a file, the old ver- sion of the file is gone forever, so be careful!! Jove com- plains if the buffer is modified and an attempt is made to leave before saving the changes. It says Modified buffers exists. Leave anyway?. Answering no to this question will leave the user in the editor so that he can write the buffers he wishes. If he wants to exit, e.g. he made a mis- take, he should answer yes. The current position in a buffer is called the point. The point should not be thought of as being on a character, rather as being between two characters, namely the character before the cursor and the character under the cursor. Jove supports multiple buffers. This means that more than one file can be edited at a time, each file having its own buffer. Jove remembers what each buffer looks like while it is not in use. This makes it possible to jump around from one buffer to another without losing any previous changes, Printed 4/18/85 1 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) and without having to save the changes each time a new buffer is selected. Each buffer has its own set of charac- teristics that jove also remembers, so switching from one buffer to another can change the way the editor behaves. Jove uses windows to show what the buffer looks like at any time. Often files are too large to fit in the terminals screen all at once. While in the editor, the screen acts as a window into a buffer, always showing what the buffer looks like. If the point moves past the top or bottom of the window, the window moves to where the point has moved. When a line is too long to fit on the terminal, jove shows this by putting an ! at the end of the line. Moving the point to a position that is off the screen horizontally causes the line contain- ing the point to be scrolled to the right or the left such that the point is visible. Only the current line is ever scrolled. If the line containing the point is scrolled and the point moves to a different line, the scrolled line automatically moved back to its normal position. The window reflects what is being done as it is being done, so what you see is ALWAYS what you get. Initially there is only one window, but it is possible to divide a window so that there are two smaller windows. The smaller windows are exactly the same as the original window except for the amount of the buffer each can show at a time. Sometimes the same buffer will be shown in more than one window, and other times there will be a different buffer in each window. There are many commands built into jove. There is a command handler in jove that prompts for commands. When the name of a command typed in is unambiguous, that command will be exe- cuted. Since it is very slow to have to type in the name of each command every time it is needed, jove makes it possible to bind commands to keys. When a command is bound to a key any future hits on that key will invoke that command. All the printing characters are initially bound to the function self-insert so that typing any one of the printing charac- ters causes it to be inserted into the text. Any of the existing commands can be bound to any key. Since there are more commands than there are keys, two keys are treated as prefix commands. When a key bound to one of the prefix com- mands is typed, the next character typed is interpreted on the basis that it was preceded by one of the prefix keys. Initially ^X and ESC are the prefix keys, and as you will see, many of the built in commands are initially bound to these "two stroke" keys. Users will likely want to modify the default key bindings to his liking. Since it would be quite a pain to have to set Printed 4/18/85 2 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) up the bindings each time jove is started up, jove reads commands from the file if they were typed to the command handler during an edit. There can be only one command per line in the init file. The source command can be used to read commands from a specified file. This means that a macro can be used to change the key bindings, e.g. to enter a mode, by reading from a specified file which contains all the new bindings. Jove is invoked by simply typing jove to either shell or C- shell. If arguments are provided on the command line, jove treats each as a file to be read, and reads it into its own buffer. The current buffer will be the first file read in, and the point will be at the beginning of the buffer. There is one exception. If jove sees a -t on the command line it takes the next word to be a C tag and reads in the file con- taining that tag. Inexperienced users need not worry about that though. At the bottom of each window is the mode line associated with that window. A typical mode line might look like this: JOVE (TE) Buffer: jove.1 "jove.1" * The mode line always says JOVE. The TE inside the parentheses means the editor is in text-fill mode (see modes below). In this example the name of the buffer is jove.1 and the name inside the quotes is the file. In this case the file is jove.1; in general the buffer name and the file name are the same. The * at the end of the line indicates that the buffer has been modified but not saved. The very bottom line on the screen is the message line. This is where jove prints any messages and where jove prompts the user for more input. For example, when the user wants to save his buffer, jove would ask for a file name to use on this line. Once invoked, Jove is ready to accept commands from the user. Most of the editor commands move the point around in the buffer and others change what the buffer looks like. These commands operate on single characters, words, lines, and on regions. One of the more common editor commands is the self-insert command. The self-insert command simply inserts the character that invoked it into the buffer at the point. Because the point is really between two characters, inserting a character at point pushes all the characters, from the point to the end of the line, over to the right to make room for the new character. The point moves one to the right staying just ahead of the newly inserted character. This means that if the user wants to insert a word, he can just type the word. If the point did not move as he typed, he would have to Printed 4/18/85 3 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) move forward a character after each letter of the word was typed. Characters which are not self inserting, for example those which are other editor commands, also can be inserted but must be quoted first. This is done with the quote-char command which inserts the next character typed no matter what character it is. CONTROL-Q (that is the CTRL key typed with the Q key at the same time) is an example of a control character. ^Q is short hand for CONTROL-Q. Many of the editor commands are bound to control keys initially since the rest of the char- acters are self-inserting. Escape characters are different from control character in that they are typed in two keys strokes, namely the ESC key followed by any other key. If there is not a command bound to the escape <character> sequence, the editor will complain. The commands forward-character and backward-character are bound to the keys ^F and ^B respectively. They move forward and backward one character position in the buffer. The com- mands forward-word and backward-word are bound to the keys ESCAPE-F and ESCAPE-B respectively. They are the same is the ^F and ^B commands except that they operate on words. The commands next-line and previous-line are examples are commands that operate on lines. There are commands that delete text in units of characters, words, and lines also. delete-next-character deletes the character after point and delete-previous-character deletes the character before point. delete-next-word and delete-previous-word are the same as the two delete character functions except that they operate on words. Sometimes it is useful to run a command a specific number of times, for example to move down 10 lines, the sequence ESC- 10-^N will work, if the ^N is bound to the next-line com- mand. In general, ESCAPE followed by a number, followed by a command, runs that command number times. This is called giving the command a numeric argument, or providing a prefix argument. Some of the commands ignore numeric arguments, for example read-file, but most of the commands use the numeric argument. A region is defined as all the text between two buffer posi- tions. Marks provides a way to remember a position in the buffer other than the point. The set-mark command sets a mark to where the point is at the time the command is invoked. Once a mark is set, the user can move the point anywhere else and later use various commands to manipulate the mark. Aside from delimiting the region, the mark is also useful for remembering a spot that you may want to go back to. To make this feature more useful, JOVE remembers 19 previous locations of the mark. Most commands that set Printed 4/18/85 4 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) the mark push the old mark onto this stack. To return to a marked location, invoking the set-mark command with a prefix argument (e.g. ^U-^@) will do. This moves the point to where the mark was, and restores the mark from the stack of former marks. So repeated use of this command moves point to all of the old marks on the stack, one by one. Since the stack is actually a ring, enough uses of ^U-^@ bring the point back to where it was originally. PP. It is sometimes necessary to get from one place in a buffer to another quickly. Using the primitive motion commands would work, but would be rather slow. Search commands provide a quick and easy way to move over large portions of text. The user is prompted for a string to search for. The search starts from the point, so forward searches will not find any matches that are before the point, and reverse searches will not find any matches after the point. If the search was forward and the editor manages to find the string, the point moves to the end of the string. If the search was backward and the editor finds the string, the point moves to the beginning of the string. Otherwise the user will be informed of the failure and left where he was. Jove supports regular expressions also, but they are rather complicated. For com- plete documentation see ed(1) in the UPM. Another useful command is the replace-search command. This command prompts the user for a search string, then prompts for a replacement string, and then searches the buffer for the search string replacing all occurrences with the replacement string. Printed 4/18/85 5 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) Here is a list of all the commands, with a short description of each and the key that the command is initially bound to. Prefix-1 ESC The next character typed will be interpreted on the basis that it was preceded by the command Prefix-1. This is one of two such commands whose purpose in life is to increase the number of commands that can be bound to keys and thus easily invoked. Prefix-2 ^X The next character typed will be interpreted on the basis that it was preceded by the command Prefix-2. This is one of two such commands whose purpose in life is to increase the number of commands that can be bound to keys and thus easily invoked. append-region [unbound] Appends the region bounded by the point and mark to the named file. If the file does not exist it is created. apropos(keyword) ESC-? Lists available commands having to do with the keyword. backward-character ^B Moves the point backward one character in the buffer. If the point is at the beginning of the line, it moves it to the end of the previous line. backward-paren ESC-^B This moves the point to the matching open parenthesis (brace) of the close parenthesis (brace) just before the point. If there is no match, an error is reported and the point remains unchanged. backward-word ESC-B If in the middle of a word, the point moves to the beginning of the word. Otherwise it moves the point to the beginning of the previous word. beginning-of-file ESC-< Moves the point to the beginning of the current buffer so that the character after the point is the first character of the buffer. Printed 4/18/85 6 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) beginning-of-line ^A Moves the point to the beginning of the current line. beginning-of-sentence ESC-A Moves the point to the beginning of the current sentence. beginning-of-window ESC-, Moves the point to the first character in the window. bind-macro-to-key [unbound] Binds a macro to a key so that future hits on that key will run the macro. bind-to-key [unbound] Binds a command to a key so that future hits on that key will run the command. For example, the command next-line is bound to the key ^N. buffer-position [unbound] Prints the line and column of the point in the current buffer. case-region-lower ^X-^L Changes all the letters between the point and mark to lower case. case-region-upper ^X-^U Changes all the letters between the point and mark to upper case. case-word-capitalize ESC-C If the point is in the middle of a word, it capitalizes the letter after the point and changes the rest of the word to lower case. Otherwise it capitalizes the first letter of the next word and changes the rest of this word to lower case. In any case the point is left at the end of the word. case-word-lower ESC-L If the point is in the middle of a word, it changes the rest of the word to lower case. Otherwise it changes the next word to lower case. In either case the point is left at the end of the effected word. Printed 4/18/85 7 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) case-word-upper ESC-U If the point is in the middle of a word, it changes the rest of the word to upper case. Otherwise it changes the next word to upper case. In either case the point is left at the end of the effected word. char-to-octal-insert [unbound] Reads a character from the terminal and inserts its octal value preceded by a back-slash '\', into the text at the point. For example if the character ESC is typed, the string \033 is inserted. clear-and-redraw ESC-^L Clears and redraws the screen without changing the screen orientation. This is useful if the screen gets garbaged by output from another program or by someone writing you. compile-it ^X-^E Writes all the modified buffers and runs the UNIX program make into a buffer called Errors. After the make is com- pleted, the buffer is parsed for C type error messages to be used by the next-error command. copy-region ESC-W Does a pretend kill of the region bounded by the point and mark. The next call to yank will yank the region just copied. c-tab [unbound] When in c-mode, the command c-tab is automatically bound to the tab key, and when invoked, the point is tabbed to the "right" place for C programs. delete-next-char ^D The character after the point is deleted moving the rest of the line to the left one, leaving the point unchanged. If at the end of the line, the line boundary is deleted joining the current line with the next line. delete-next-word ESC-D If the point is in the middle of a word, it deletes to the end of the word. Otherwise it deletes the entire next word. In either case, the point doesn't move, and the deleted text is saved in the kill buffer. Printed 4/18/85 8 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) delete-other-windows ^X-1 Makes the current window the only window by deleting all the other windows. The window grows to fill the screen as it is when the editor starts up. delete-previous-char DELETE Deletes the character before the point moving the rest of the line to the left one. If the point is at the beginning of a line, the previous line is joined with the current line and the point is moved to what used to be the end of the previous line. delete-previous-word ESC-DELETE If the point is in the middle of a word, it deletes to the beginning of that word. Otherwise it deletes the entire previous word. In either case, the deleted text is saved in the kill buffer. delete-to-killbuffer ^W Deletes all the text between the point and mark, saving it in the kill-buffer. This is one of the the ways to move text from place in the buffer to another. The yank command will insert the most recently deleted text at the point. Jove remembers 10 separate kills in a kill ring. The yank- pop command can be used to go through the ring one at a time. delete-white-space ESC-\f1 Deletes all tabs and space around the point on the current line. This does not work over line boundaries. describe-command [unbound] Prompts for the name of a command and describes what the command does into a buffer. describe-key ^X-^D Prompts for a key and prints the command that is bound to that key. delete-current-window ^X-D If there is more than one window on the screen, the current window is deleted and is moved to neighboring window. The space from the deleted window is given to the new current window. Printed 4/18/85 9 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) end-of-file ESC-> Moves the point to the end of the buffer making the charac- ter before the point the last character in the buffer. end-of-line ^E Moves the point to the end of the current line. end-of-sentence ESC-E Moves the point to the end of the sentence. end-of-window ESC-. Moves the point to the last character in the window. erase-buffer [unbound] Prompts for a buffer name, and deletes all the text in that buffer. If the buffer is modified, the user is asked for confirmation. exchange-point-and-mark ^X-^X Sets the mark to the point and the point to the mark. execute-extended-command ESC-X Prompts for a command to run using command completion. This is how all commands would be run if not for the bind-to-key command. execute-keyboard-macro ^X-E All the characters that were remembered with the start- remembering command are executed as if they were typed at the keyboard. execute-macro [unbound] This is the same as execute-keyboard-macro except that it prompts for the name of a macro to execute. exit-jove ^X-^C Exits jove. It asks for confirmation if there are any modi- fied buffers which have not been saved. filter-region [unbound] Printed 4/18/85 10 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) Prompts for a UNIX command to send a region to. The region will be replaced with the output from the command. For example to format a C procedure, a region around the pro- cedure should be defined and the filter-region command used to send the region through the UNIX C beautifier. find-file ^X-^F Prompts for a file to find. If that file is not already in a buffer, it creates a new buffer and reads the file into that buffer. If the file is already in another buffer, that buffer will be selected instead. In any event the current buffer becomes buffer with that file in it. find-file-into-other-window ^X-4 Do a find file into another window. If there is only one window, is split. If there is more than one window, one of the windows that is not the current window is used instead. find-tag ^X-^T Finds the file with the C tag which is prompted for. The UNIX program ctags(1) should be used to create a database with the necessary information to find the file which con- tains the tag. If the tag cannot be found, the point and buffer are unchanged. first-non-blank ESC-M Moves the point to the first non blank character in the current line. forward-char ^F Moves the point forward one character in the buffer. If at the end of the current line the point is moved to the begin- ning of the next line. forward-paren ESC-^B Moves the point to the matching close parenthesis (brace) of the open parenthesis (brace) right after the point. If there is no match, an error is reported and the point remains unchanged. forward-word ESC-F If the point is in the middle of a word, it moves to the end of the current word. Otherwise it moves to the end of the next word. Printed 4/18/85 11 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) four-times ^U Multiple the numeric argument by four. The sequence ^U-^U- ^N runs the command next-line 16 times. goto-line ESC-G Moves the point to the numeric argument line in the buffer. If no argument is supplied, the the point moves to the first line in the buffer. grow-window ^X-^ Makes the current window one line larger if it can. There has to be more than one window, and the window which would get smaller has to be big enough to get smaller. i-search-forward [unbound] Incremental search forward. See the EMACS Manual for TWENEX Users if you care about this command. I do not have time to explain it right now. i-search-reverse [unbound] Incremental search reverse. See the EMACS Manual for TWENEX Users if you care about this command. I do not have time to explain it right now. insert-file ^X-^I If the named file exists and can be read, its contents are inserted into the current buffer at the point. Otherwise an error is reported and the point is unchanged. init-bindings [unbound] Initialize the bindings to the way they were at the begin- ning of the edit. justify-paragraph ESC-J Justifys a paragraph. Paragraphs are bounded by blank lines or lines that begin with a period. The margin-length vari- able determines the length of each line in the paragraph. kill-buffer ^X-K Deletes a named buffer. This command is not reversible; once the buffer is deleted, it is gone forever. It is use- ful when the editor runs out of space and there is a buffer which you do not care about. Printed 4/18/85 12 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) kill-to-end-of-line ^K Kill all the text from the point to the end of the line. If the point is at the end of the line, the current line is joined with the next line. If a numeric count is given, the next count lines are deleted. The saved test can be yanked back with the yank command (see delete-to-killbuffer). If this command is run several times in a row all the kills are merged into the same kill ring entry, thus running the yank command will yank all of them back instead of just the last one. list-buffers ^X-^B Creates a buffer called Buffer list that contains a list of all the buffers jove currently knows about. Each line tells each buffer's number, type, file associated with it, its name, and a * if the buffer is modified. make-buffer-unmodified ESC-~ Makes the editor forget that the buffer has been modified. The * on the mode line will disappear if it is there. name-keyboard-macro [unbound] A new macro is defined with the name supplied by the user. The current definition of the keyboard macro is copied into this new macro, making it possible change the keyboard macro without losing the old version. Now it is possible to run the new macro by binding the macro to a key, or with the execute-macro command. Note that only named macros are saved with the write-macros-to-file command, so to remember macros from one jove to another, one must give the macro a name, execute the write-macros-to-file command, and upon invokation of a new jove, the read-macros-from-file" command should be executed. newline [unbound] Divides the current line at the point moving the point to the beginning of the newly created line. It is usually bound to the return key. newline-and-backup ^O Divides the current line at the point like the newline com- mand, but leaves the point unchanged. newline-and-indent [unbound] Printed 4/18/85 13 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) Same as newline except that it inserts white space at the beginning of the newline copying the indent of the previous line. next-error ^X-^N Takes the next error message (as returned by the parse com- mands), finds the file in which the error occurred, and sets the the point to the line on which the error occurred. The error message will be displayed at the top of the errors buffer. (The compile-it command automatically runs the parse-C-errors and the next-error commands). next-line ^N Moves the point to the next line keeping the column as close to the current column as possible. next-page ^V Puts the bottom line of the window at the top of the window, moving the point to the top of the window and to the begin- ning of the line. next-window ^X-N Moves to the next window in the screen. If the current win- dow is the last window, it moves to the first window. It is an error to move to the next window when there is only one window on the screen. number-lines-in-window [unbound] Each line in the current window is displayed with its line number to the left. The number isn't part of the buffer and will disappear when this command is executed again (it tog- gles). page-next-window ESC-^V This command does a next-page on the next window. If there is only one window the editor complains. paren-flash [unbound] When the variable show-match is non-zero, the close parenthesis/brace keys are bound to this command. When invoked, this command inserts the character typed and tem- porarily flashes to the matching open parenthesis/brace for about one second. parse-C-errors [unbound] Printed 4/18/85 14 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) This command takes C compiler (or similar in format) errors and sets the editor up for subsequent invocations of the next-error command. Giving the UNIX command grep(1) the -n option prints the output in the same format as the C com- piler, thus running this command into a buffer makes it pos- sible to parse its output. This is a very useful way to look at all the occurrences of certain strings in several files. parse-LINT-errors [unbound] This is the same as parse-C-errors excepts parses lint errors. pause-jove [unbound] If the system has the Berkeley job control features, control is returned to the superior shell. Otherwise an inferior shell is spawned. previous-line ^P Moves the point to the previous line trying to keep the column the same. previous-page ESC-V Moves the top line in the window to the bottom line leaving, the point at the top of the window and at the beginning of the line. previous-window ^X-P Move to the previous window in the screen. If currently in the first window, moves to the last window. It is an error to move to the previous window when there is only one window on the screen. print [unbound] Prompts for a variable name and prints its value. query-replace-search ESC-Q Upon receipt of a search and replacement string, the editor replaces all occurrences of the search string with the replacement string. For each occurrence the editor asks the user what to do. The choices are: ' ' to replace this occurrence. '.'to replace and stop. DELETE to skip this occurrence. 'r' to recursive edit. Printed 4/18/85 15 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) 'p' to proceed to replace all occurrences. RETURN to stop When there are no more occurrences, the point is moves back to its initial position. Recursive edit makes it possible to temporarily suspend the query-replace-search, let the user go off and do some editing, and then return to the search after the editing is finished. Executing the command exit-jove returns from the recursive edit. quote-char ^Q Quotes the next character typed for insertion. This is used to insert special characters which normally would be inter- preted as commands. read-file ^X-^R Prompts for a file to read into the current buffer. It will erase the old contents so if the buffer has been modified, but not saved, jove complains and ask for confirmation. read-macros-from-file [unbound] Prompts for a file that was previously written with the write-macros-to-file command, and reads them back into the editor. redraw-display ^L Redraws the window with the current line in the middle. If a numeric argument is provided the current line is moved to the argument line. If the current line is in the same place as before, the window is cleared and redrawn. reinitialize-terminal If the value of the variable allow-^S-and-^Q is changed, this command should be called to make the necessary changes to the terminal. replace-search ESC-R This is the same as query-replace-search except the editor does not ask whether to replace it; it always does. ring-the-bell ^G Exactly what is says. Its useful when it is not apparent what the editor is currently doing. scroll-one-line-down ESC-Z Printed 4/18/85 16 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) Scrolls the current window down one line. If the current line moves off the bottom of the window, it is moved to the middle of the window. scroll-one-line-up ^Z Scrolls the current window up one line. If the current line moves off the bottom of the window, it is moved to the mid- dle of the window. search-forward ^S Prompts for a string to search for and searches for the next instance of that string in the buffer (see searching above). search-reverse ^R Prompts for a string to search for and searches for the pre- vious instance of that string in the buffer (see searching above). select-buffer ^X-B Prompts for a buffer name and makes that buffer the current buffer. If the buffer does not exist a new buffer is created with nothing in it. If a number is supplied instead of a name and a buffer exists with that number, that buffer is selected. Otherwise a new buffer is created with that number as a name. self-insert [very-bound] This is bound to all the keys that should be inserted when typed. This commands does not work unless bound to a key. Running this command manually will probably cause a random character to be inserted. set [unbound] Prompts for a variable name and a value, and sets the vari- able to that value. set-mark ^@ Sets mark to the current buffer location. shell-command ^X-! Prompts for a UNIX shell command to be run placing the out- put from the command into a buffer called Command execution. If the a numeric argument is provided, the buffer is left alone before the UNIX command is started. Otherwise the Printed 4/18/85 17 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) buffer is emptied. shell-command-to-buffer [unbound] The same as shell-command except that it asks for a specific buffer to place the output in instead of Command execution. source [unbound] This prompts for a file name which contains a bunch of edi- tor commands. These commands typically set variables or bind commands to keys. Running source on a file which does not have editor commands in it will likely cause the editor to crash. This is a serious bug. shrink-window ^X-Z Shrink the current window by one line if the resulting win- dow would not be too small. It is an error to run this com- mand when there is only one window. spell-buffer [unbound] Sends the entire buffer to the UNIX spell program. Jove will go through the list of spelling errors and asks whether or not a word is spelled correctly. If it is not, jove remembers where each occurrence of the misspelled word is. The point in the buffer being spelled is positioned at the end of the current misspelled word. The next-error command moves to the next occurrence of the current word, or to the first occurrence of the next word. split-current-window ^X-2 Splits the current window into two smaller windows, if the resulting windows would not be too small. The two windows have the same buffer associated with them, namely the one that the original window had. start-remembering ^X-( This tells jove to start remembering all the following keys- trokes until the stop-remembering command is executed. The saved commands are saved in the keyboard macro, and can be re-executed with the execute-keyboard-macro command. This is useful when it is necessary to run the same command lots of times. stop-remembering ^X-) This terminates the definition of a macro. See start- remembering for more details. Printed 4/18/85 18 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) string-length ^X-C Prints, on the message line, the number of characters between two quotes. The point must be between two quotes or the editor complains. This is useful for C programmers especially. suspend-jove [unbound] Same as pause-jove. text-insert [unbound] When the variable text-fill is non-zero, the self-insert keys are bound to this command. This inserts characters like self-insert does but when the line gets to a certain length, a newline is automatically inserted. This makes it possible to type in a paper without having to remember to hit return, i.e the editor does it automatically. transpose-char ^T Switches the characters on opposite sides of the point, namely the character before the cursor and the character under the cursor. unbound [unbound] The unbound function is bound to all the keys that don't run commands. It is essentially a no-op. visit-file ^X-^V Same as the sequence split-current-window followed by exe- cuting find-file. vt100-arrow-keys [unbound] This makes the arrow keys work on the vt100 terminal. write-current-file ^X-^S This writes the current buffer to the file associated with the buffer, without asking. If there is currently no file associated with the buffer, the editor complains. (See the write-named-file command below). write-macros-to-file [unbound] Prompts for a file and writes all the current defined macros to that file. The macros can be read back into the editor with the read-macros-from-file command. Printed 4/18/85 19 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) write-modified-files ^X-^M Writes all the buffers that have been modified but not been saved. write-named-file ^X-^W Prompts for a file name and writes the current buffer to that file. If the file already exists and is not the current file name, the user is informed and asked if he really wants to do it. Writing a file erases the old contents of the file. write-region [unbound] Takes the region between the point and the mark and writes it to a named file. yank ^Y Inserts, at the point, all the text that was most recently deleted with a delete command that saves the text it deleted to the kill ring. The point moves to the end of the inserted region. yank-pop ESC-Y Goes through the kill ring inserting each entry one at a time. The previous command has to have been the yank com- mand or the yank-pop command. Printed 4/18/85 20 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) The following are list of variables which change the way the editor behaves. All the variables, and the effect they have on the behavior of the editor, are listed below. When cer- tain variables are set to non-zero values, jove prints their abbreviations (in parentheses) on the mode line. allow-^S-and-^Q When set to non-zero, jove disables the stop (XOFF) and start (XON) characters, thus making it possible to bind edi- tor commands to those keys. Most often, the ^S and ^Q keys are the stop and start characters, which means when this variable is set, search-forward can be bound to ^S, and quote-char can be bound to ^Q, like they are supposed to be bound. auto-indent (AI) This variable affects the way the RETURN key works. Normally typing RETURN divides the current line at point moving point down to the next line. That still happens in this mode but the line is automatically indented the same as the previous line. This is useful for structure programming languages like C and PASCAL. c-mode (C) This mode the tab character and the }. Instead of just inserting the tab, the editor determines where the tab ought to be for the C language and tabs to there instead. The same thing happens with the close brace. It is tabbed to the right place and then inserted. case-independent-search (CIS) This affects the way search works. When in this mode, jove ignores the difference between upper case and lower case so A matches a as well as A. internal-tabstop (not-shown) This tells jove how many spaces a tab should take up when it is printed. The default is 8. magic (MA) This mode makes regular expression available. This is not the default because for new users because certain characters in the search strijng do not always do what they normally would. make-all-at-once Tells the editor to run make with the -k option when running the compile-it command. over-write (OV) This mode changes the way self-inserting characters work. Instead of pushing the rest of the line over, the character Printed 4/18/85 21 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) after the point is replaced. physical-tapstop This tells jove how big the tabstops are for the specific terminal. When the terminal is in tabs mode (see stty(1)), jove will take advantage of that fact, and optimize the cur- sor motion using tabs. right-margin (not-shown) This is used by the justify-paragram command, and says how long it should try to make each line. show-match (SM) This affects the close parenthesis (brace) characters. When one of those is typed in this mode it is inserted normally. Then the cursor flashes to the matching open parenthesis (brace) for one second and then move back to point. If the match was not on the screen, nothing happens. If there is no match the user is informed of the error. single-scroll This changes the way the editor behaves when the point moves out of the range of a window. Instead of centering the line containing the point, the editor leaves the line at the top, or bottom of the screen (depending on which end the point moved off). This is useful if the terminal is running at a slow baud rate. text-fill (TF) When in this mode, the editor will automatically insert car- riage returns when lines reach the right margin. The default right-margin is 72. write-files-on-make (not-shown) When non-zero, jove writes all the modified buffers when the compile-it command is invoked (default is non-zero). To put the editor on one of these modes, use the set com- mand. The set command prompts for one of the mode variables to set. A non-zero value means the mode is on, and a value or 0 means the mode is off. JOVE (C-SM-AI) Buffer: jove.c "jove.c" * If in these modes, typing } would cause the } to be indented before inserted, and then the cursor would flash to the matching {. FILES /usr/tmp where the temporary files are stored. Printed 4/18/85 22 JOVE(LSRHS) Unix Programmer's Manual JOVE(LSRHS) SEE ALSO edt(1), ed(1). DIAGNOSTICS Jove diagnostics are meant to be self explanatory. BUGS It doesn't garbage collect the tmp file so it could run out of tmp space when it doesn't have to. There should be one bind-to-key command that works for both macros and built in commands. There should be a way to abort read-file and the search com- mands. Jove should not blow up when it tries to source a file which doesn't have editor commands in it. Printed 4/18/85 23